Introduction

IP-MPLS (Internet Protocol Multi-Protocol Label Switching) is an advanced routing mechanism that uses short path labels instead of traditional network addresses to direct data. This method speeds up data transmission and simplifies routing, making it ideal for diverse network protocols.

System Architecture & Working

• Label Distribution: Uses Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) for assigning labels to packets.
• FECs: Groups packets based on destination, ensuring consistent paths.
• Packet Forwarding: Ingress routers label packets, which are forwarded by Label Switch Routers (LSRs) without content examination.

Salient Features

• NMS: Centralized network management at Divisional HQs.
• NOC: 24/7 monitoring and troubleshooting at Zonal and Divisional HQs.
• Single Point of Contact: Zonal HQ NOC manages inter-divisional issues.
• Comprehensive Management: Handles patch, performance, and backup management.
• L2 and L3 Support: Ideal for Indian Railways' future transport needs.
• Scalability: Supports high-performance, scalable networks.
• Interconnectivity Growth: Expands network with minimal hardware.
• Quality of Service: Prioritizes critical traffic like VoIP.

Applications

• Data Center Interconnection: Links data centers with branches and remote locations.
• WAN Optimization: Simplifies wide area network management.
• Service Level Agreements: Offers reliable, guaranteed service delivery.